It is a city with a long history, located in the Levant region of the Near East, situated in the Judean Mountains between the Mediterranean Sea and the Dead Sea. It is a holy site for the three major religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and is known as the "City of Peace". The ruins of Jerusalem, such as the Crying Wall, the Cathedral of the Holy Sepulchre, and the Dome of the Rock, are not only symbols of religious faith, but also important carriers of cultural history. It was listed as a World Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO in 1981. Not only is it the intersection of religion and history, but it is also the focus of modern politics and conflicts. Both Israel and Palestine claim this as their capital, but there are differences in the international community regarding this.